From animals and mythical beasts to crowns and helmets, each image bore an integral meaning, collectively shaping the narrative on the crest. A black flag was employed by the ʿAbbāsids in 746 ce (ah 129), the Umayyads deciding on white by contrast along with the Khārijites purple. Inexperienced was the https://adolfe162qri7.wikidirective.com/user